![]() ![]() This statement was derived from the generally mixed evidence concerning an association between nitrofurantoin and birth defects. However, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Opinion on sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, and risk of birth defects state that if other treatment options are not able to be used (eg, cephalosporins, erythromycin), then sulfonamides and nitrofurantoin may be used as first-line agents for the treatment of UTI during the second and third trimesters. In isolation, this study would suggest that nitrofurantoin should be avoided in the last 30 days of pregnancy. While no neonates in the registry were identified as having glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, there was no difference in the incidence of hemolytic anemia. It is important to note that the difference in incidence of neonatal jaundice did not affect pregnancy outcomes in the study population. This significant difference held up after multivariate analysis that adjusted for prematurity, neonatal sex, year of birth, use of oxytocin to induce labor, neonatal systemic antibiotic treatment, maternal age, parity, and smoking at the end of pregnancy. However, neonates exposed to nitrofurantoin in the last 30 days before delivery had a significantly higher rate of neonatal jaundice requiring treatment compared with neonates exposed to pivmecillinam during the same stage of pregnancy (10.8% and 8.8%, respectively p=0.023). Moreover, the rates of negative pregnancy outcomes such as stillbirth and neonatal mortality, low birth weight, preterm delivery, transfer to NICU, or Apgar score lower than 7 at 5 minutes were no different among the study groups. 2 Using the national Medical Birth Registry and Prescription Database, data from more than 180,000 births were analyzed to estimate whether exposure to nitrofurantoin is associated with increased incidence of negative pregnancy outcomes.Īfter comparing 1334 mothers who received nitrofurantoin during their pregnancy with 5800 mothers who received pivmecillinam and 130,889 mothers who received no antibiotics for UTIs, the researchers found that the incidence of any malformation-including cardiovascular, atrial septum, or ventricular septum defects-were no different among the groups. This information comes from a population-based cohort study from Norway that was published in 2013. In the case of nitrofurantoin oral suspension (Furadantin), the prescribing information does not state that its use is contraindicated in pregnant patients at term (38 to 42 weeks of gestation), during labor and delivery, or when onset of labor is imminent. However, the FDA pregnancy category ratings can be misleading because they are only meant to identify potential teratogens. Comfort in selecting this antibiotic comes from its friendly FDA pregnancy category B rating and long history of safe and effective use. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-80.Nitrofurantoin is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.Ĭall your doctor for medical advice about side effects. ![]() Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them: More commonįeeling of constant movement of self or surroundings Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. Sores, ulcers, or white spots on the lips or in the mouth Red skin lesions, often with a purple center Weakness in the arms, hands, legs, or feetīlistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin and mucous membranesīluish color of the fingernails, lips, skin, palms, or nail bedsīlurred vision or loss of vision, with or without eye painīulging soft spot on the head of an infantĬhange in the ability to see colors, especially blue or yellowĭiarrhea, watery and severe, which may also be bloody ![]() Swelling of the face, mouth, hands, or feetīurning, numbness, tingling, or painful sensations Sudden trouble in swallowing or breathing Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur: More common ![]()
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